Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) vs Lobelia (Lobelia inflata)

Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara)

Lobelia (Lobelia inflata)

About

Coltsfoot is a perennial herb growing to 12 inches with flowering stems covered in purple scales, yellow-gold flowers, and heart-shaped leaves. Indigenous to Europe and northern Asia and naturalized in North America, it is commonly found along roadsides, on verges, and in open areas. The flowers are gathered in late winter, and the leaves in summer. For at least 2,500 years, coltsfoot has been taken as a cough remedy and smoked to ease breathing. The Greek physician Dioscorides in the 1st century CE recommended it for dry coughs and 'for those who are unable to breathe except standing upright.'

Lobelia is an annual herb growing to 20 inches with lance-shaped leaves and pale blue, pink-tinged flowers. A powerful antispasmodic used for respiratory and muscle disorders, it was a traditional Native American remedy for many conditions. It was used as a 'puke weed' to induce vomiting, as a remedy for worms and venereal disease, and as an expectorant. Lobelia was also smoked as a substitute for tobacco and was reputed to share some of its magical qualities. Indigenous to North America, especially eastern parts of the United States, it grows by roadsides and in neglected areas, preferring acid soil. The aerial parts are harvested in early autumn when the seed capsules are most numerous and are carefully dried. Its use was later championed by the American herbalist Samuel Thomson (1769-1843), who made the herb the mainstay of his therapeutic system, mainly using it to induce vomiting.

Safety & precautions

Do not use coltsfoot flowers. Do not take the leaves for more than 3-4 weeks at a time (or 6 weeks per year). Contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which may be toxic to the liver in higher doses, though these are largely destroyed when boiled to make a decoction. Do not take during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Not suitable for children under 6. Subject to legal restrictions in some countries. Use only as directed.

Take only when prescribed by a medical herbalist or doctor and do not eat the fresh plant. Excessive ingestion is rare (vomiting normally occurs first) but can be fatal. Restricted herb in some countries. The FDA considers lobelia to be poisonous, and many sources claim it will cause convulsions, coma, and death. These are potential effects of its principal alkaloid lobeline, but there is no record of the whole herb causing these problems in anyone. Lobelia is an emetic and makes you throw up if you take too much. It can produce severe symptoms (nausea, profuse sweating, vomiting, and deep relaxation), but these symptoms typically pass quickly and the person feels better afterward. However, because of these effects, lobelia is not recommended for weak, debilitated persons or persons who are deeply relaxed. Not recommended for long-term use and should be used cautiously during pregnancy. To avoid unpleasant effects such as nausea and vomiting, use small, repeated doses instead of large, infrequent doses, or use it as part of a formula.

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